Why did distinct types of dual-earner models in Czech, Slovak and East German societies develop and persist?

We examine pre1989 and post1989 work-care models in Czech, Slovak and East German societies. Once problems of the modernized gender model emerged, Czechoslovakia and GDR set two distinct policy paths and differences in work-care practices and values emerged. Based on the institutional and cultural legacy, we explain why the post1989 transition period was accompanied by continuity in work-care models and substantive changes evolved only then, in a period of stability.