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213 Publications

The Czech labour market: historical, structural and policy perspectives

First we focus on the specific phases of the labour market as it developed in the 1990s. Second, we observe the changing composition of the labour force and labour mobility. Third, we examine the vulnerable categories of people. Policies, active labour market policies in particular, are described in the fourth section. Fifthly, we analyze the flexibility of the labour market in its various forms. In conclusion, several questions regarding the future of the Czech labour market are raised.…

Topics: Work, Public Policy

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Self-employment in the Czech Republic and CEE Countries: Persons and Households

The article presents evidence on the development and patterns of self-employment in four CEE countries. In reference to completed research, the author points out the specific features of the development of these categories in the communist and market regimes. Next, he shows in more detail the changes in the number and position of self-employed in the Czech Republic after 1990. Third, he draws on the EU-SILC surveys to compare self-employed persons in CEE countries, Austria and Germany.…

Topics: Wages and Incomes, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Diferenciace mezd v ČR: vývoj v minulém desetiletí a mezinárodní srovnání

Wage and income surveys from 1989 to 1999 reveal the extent of changes in the inequality of earnings in the Czech Republic and the main components of the new income disparities. The author first examines the increasing differences and the decreasing weight of demographic characteristics in wage structure. Then, in the second part of the paper, evidence is gathered toward a cross-national comparison of income distribution in order to demonstrate the increasing similarity of the Czech wage structure with those i…

Topics: Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Rozdělení příjmů domácností v ČR v l. 1988-1996: přizpůsobení tržní ekonomice

Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Social Policy, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Přerozdělování příjmů daněmi a dávkami v ČR: jeho proměny a reflexe po roce 1989

Abstract…

Topics: Politics and Political Attitudes, Social Capital, Sociological Data

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Income Taxes and Benefits among Czech Employees: Changes since 1989 and a Cross-National Comparison

Statistical income surveys are used to show the separate and joint effects of taxes and transfers on the distribution of household income among employees in the Czech Republic. On the face of it, the state takes more from and gives less to households, compared with the situation before 1989, and the redistributive effect of the new system is much stronger. In a cross-national comparison, the results depend on the sources and the methods used. When taxes and benefits are taken separately, it can be said that th…

Topics: Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Střední vrstvy v české společnosti a výzkumu: mizející nebo zapomenuté?

In the article, fates of the middle class in Czech society and its reflection in Czech sociology are briefly overviewed. The first part is devoted to the interwar Czechoslovakia which was reflected as a middle-class society. The second part depicts suppression of the entrepreneurial middle class by the communist regime and its resurrection since early 1990s. The third part is about after-war sociological research of this phenomenon, which has been developed somewhat more during transition.…

Topics: Social Inequalities, Transformation

Publication Type: Peer-reviewed article

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Ekonomická transformace a "neoklasické chování"

Topics: Economy, Transformation

Publication Type: Peer-reviewed article

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Změny v rozdělení příjmů domácností 1988-1992

Topics: Wages and Incomes, Social Policy

Publication Type: Peer-reviewed article

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Utváření trhu práce a perspektivy zaměstnání v České republice

Topics: Economy, Work

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Sociální problémy a politiky v České republice po roce 1989: náklady přechodu a socio-ekonomická struktura

This paper compares the standard economic and a complementary socio-economic approach to the transition. While the economic approach looks at social problems from the outside and views them as costs of transition, the socio-economic approach looks at these problems from the inside and views them as a part of the social change taking place. Both approaches are here used to analyze four frictions. The first friction concerns the PAYG pension system which emphasizes intergenerational dependence and turns pensio…

Topics: Social Inequalities, Social Policy, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Subjektivní indikátory blahobytu: přístupy, měření a data

The article drafts problems on the interface of the objective and subjective indicators. In the first section, multi-dimensional approaches are tackled and in the second, concepts of happiness and satisfaction are overviewed. The relationship between economic growth and human happiness is described next. In the fourth section, data on reported happiness in the Czech Republic, ready for analysis and comparison, are described. In the conclusion, perspectives of research in the area are outlined.…

Topics: Economy, Research Methodology

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Earnings disparities and income inequality in CEE countries: an analysis of development and relationships

The potential provided by survey data for studying simultaneous changes in earnings disparities, inequality of household income, and the connections between them has thus far been underexploited. This paper presents various data on four Central and East European (CEE) countries, as well as some data on Austria and Germany for the sake of comparison. First, it compares the changes in both distributions over time since the communist period as reported in various sources to see how much disparities and inequality…

Topics: Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities, Sociological Data

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

The changing role of education in the distribution of earnings and household income

This article draws on income surveys from the last two decades to report on trends in earnings disparities and household income inequality in the Czech Republic. Education has been the main axis of change in this area, having acquired a much greater role in the entire process of collecting and distributing income. First, an increasing influence of education is evident in the personal earnings of employees, returns to education having doubled. Second, in couples, education has an important impact on both women…

Topics: Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities, Education

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Životní šance mužů a žen v období transformace. Srovnání České a Slovenské republiky

Growing gender inequality has been forecasted for post-communist Europe. This study compares trends in women’s and men’s self-reported economic life chances (unemployment and economic security) as well as anti-democratic attitudes with eight national surveys (1990 through 1994) in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Neither a divergence nor convergence between the genders is found. However, the republics diverged on many of the same indicators, particularly since separation in 1993. State policy and changing l…

Topics: Economy, Work, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Staré a nové ekonomické nerovnosti: případ českých zemí

Under the transformation period, economic inequality is assuming new meanings and accents, and its importance growing. We show recent changes and various facets of inequality as displayed in distributions of earning, household incomes and wealth. In earnings, instead of the system covering the costs of labour force reproduction, human capital is better rewarded, thus, the importance of ownership and job grows. In household income, the „demographic“ pattern is slowly replaced by a market model which strengt…

Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Changing earnings distribution in the Czech Republic. Survey evidence from 1988-1994

Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Sociological Data, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Trh práce: problémy a perspektivy

Changes of the labor market are observed on the base of recent surveys from various points of view: 1. the production and utilization of human capital 2. work incentives and rewards 3. private ownership and job allocation 4. work perspectives and unemployment. The transitory period will be very confused. The labor market will be segmented and the development of individual segments will be uneven. Already now, new temporary borderlines are created. The transformation of the post-communist countries is being car…

Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Work, Social Capital, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Escaping from Socialist Paternalism: Social Policy Reform in the Czech Republic

Topics: Social Policy

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Utváření nové sociální regulace v Československu

Topics: Economy, Social Policy, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Economic and Political Man. Hardship and Attitudes in the Czech Republic and Central Europe

The interconnection between economic hardship and political attitudes is analyzed in four East-Central European countries. Two explanatory keys to recent left-turns – the “relative deprivation” and “entitlements” theses – are examined. Financial difficulties and paternalistic expectations are high but differ from country to country, this resulting in their various locations on the leftright spectrum. Evaluating the connections leading from perceived economic insecurity to latent participation in de…

Topics: Economy, Politics and Political Attitudes

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Earnings Disparities in the Czech Republic: The History of Equalisation

Statistical and sociological surveys are used to show the long-term development in earnings disparities. A considerable equalisation in wages occurred in three phases: the first one occurred during the Nazi occupation, then in the 1945-1948 period and finally after the post-Communist victory. The Communist ‘rewarding’ system was characterised by the predominance of demographic factors, the decline of secondary and especially tertiary education and the priority given to productive branches. After 1989, the …

Topics: Gender, Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Transformační procesy v socio-ekonomické perspektivě

Transformation cannot be completed unless markets hit not only the formal, but also the substantive aspect of economy. It involves economic institutions (first of all private ownership), economic behaviour (based on „cash nexus“ as well as confidence and other traditional values) and economic actors (especially the middle classes). The economic problems of 1996-1997 indicate the incompleteness of the transformation in the substantive sense. It involves the in sufficient shift of „class hegemony“ from t…

Topics: Economy, Social Inequalities, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Střední vrstvy v české transformaci. Interakce sociálně-ekonomické politiky a společenského rozvrstvení

Following the assumption that the middle classes are important in the transition from Communism to a democratic market society as its leading actor and guarantor of social integration, this paper presents evidence of the benefits they have gained from the economic and social reform. As these have turned out to be rather modest, it is warned that the middle classes will be more reserved in their political support for rigorous transformation. Special attention is given to the distribution and redistribution of i…

Topics: Economy, Social Inequalities, Social Policy, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

Sociální zprávy v České republice po roce 1989

In the contribution, we have compiled a comprehensive (but probably not exhaustive) overview of the main undertakings that are in some way oriented towards social reporting. In individual sections, the production of the following institutions and/or in the following areas is described: 1) statistical office, 2) government and governmental bodies, 3) international organisations, 4) commissioned and comparative research, 5) academic and research institutions, 6) the project ‘Social Trends’, 7) the Social Rep…

Topics: European Union, Social Policy, Sociological Data, Transformation

Publication Type: Article with impact factor

Department: Economic and Religious Studies

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