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Sociální problémy a politiky v České republice po roce 1989: náklady přechodu a socio-ekonomická struktura
This paper compares the standard economic and a complementary socio-economic approach to the transition. While the economic approach looks at social problems from the outside and views them as costs of transition, the socio-economic approach looks at these problems from the inside and views them as a part of the social change taking place. Both approaches are here used to analyze four frictions. The first friction concerns the PAYG pension system which emphasizes intergenerational dependence and turns pensio…
Topics: Social Inequalities, Social Policy, Transformation
Czech Greens in the 2002 General Election: A New Lease of Life?
The article analyses the fortunes of the Geens in the 2002 General Election in the Czech Republic. The path of development ofthe Greens from the promissing party with good brand name and unkown and somewhat suspicious leaders into political marginality in the first half of the 1990's was changed in the beginning of the 21st century. The complete internal change of theparty connected with rising cooperation with more respected environmental NGO activists is considered the main reas…
Topics: Historical Sociology, Value Orientations, Elections and Electoral Research
Výběrová šetření a analýza agregátních dat - diskuse na téma použitelnosti různých přístupů v komparativních analýzách politického chování
The use of surveys has long been considered superior to aggregate data analysis in study of political behavior as it allows researchers to avoid danger of ecological fallacy. Article suggests the use of LOCCONTINGENCY method that combines the advantages of both possible approaches. Results provided by LOCCONTINGENCY method is tested by comparing with the survey results from four model regions. The strengths and weaknesses of the method evaluated and its practical usability is discussed. …
Topics: Research Methodology, Politics and Political Attitudes, Regions
Subjektivní indikátory blahobytu: přístupy, měření a data
The article drafts problems on the interface of the objective and subjective indicators. In the first section, multi-dimensional approaches are tackled and in the second, concepts of happiness and satisfaction are overviewed. The relationship between economic growth and human happiness is described next. In the fourth section, data on reported happiness in the Czech Republic, ready for analysis and comparison, are described. In the conclusion, perspectives of research in the area are outlined.…
Topics: Economy, Research Methodology
Vliv teritoriálně specifických faktorů na formování politických orientací voličů
Based on the empirical analysis of the survey data from four model regions combined with the äecological' data describing the social environment within people live the article analyse the influence of the territorially specific factors on the development of political attitudes. The resuls of analysis prove the importace of territorially specific factors. …
Topics: Public Opinion, Elections and Electoral Research
Earnings disparities and income inequality in CEE countries: an analysis of development and relationships
The potential provided by survey data for studying simultaneous changes in earnings disparities, inequality of household income, and the connections between them has thus far been underexploited. This paper presents various data on four Central and East European (CEE) countries, as well as some data on Austria and Germany for the sake of comparison. First, it compares the changes in both distributions over time since the communist period as reported in various sources to see how much disparities and inequality…
Topics: Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities, Sociological Data
The changing role of education in the distribution of earnings and household income
This article draws on income surveys from the last two decades to report on trends in earnings disparities and household income inequality in the Czech Republic. Education has been the main axis of change in this area, having acquired a much greater role in the entire process of collecting and distributing income. First, an increasing influence of education is evident in the personal earnings of employees, returns to education having doubled. Second, in couples, education has an important impact on both women…
Topics: Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities, Education
Postoje obyvatel k situaci na trhu s bydlením a bytové politice: existují v České republice „housing classes“?
Using data from representative survey Housing Attitudes 2001 the author analyses the opinons of the Czech population on the situation in the housing market and general attitudes towards housing-related issues and housing policy. Connestions between attitudes and respondents’ positions in the housing market. On the bases of the results of the analyses the usefullness of the theory of the housing classes in the Czech context is discussed. …
Topics: Housing
Životní šance mužů a žen v období transformace. Srovnání České a Slovenské republiky
Growing gender inequality has been forecasted for post-communist Europe. This study compares trends in women’s and men’s self-reported economic life chances (unemployment and economic security) as well as anti-democratic attitudes with eight national surveys (1990 through 1994) in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Neither a divergence nor convergence between the genders is found. However, the republics diverged on many of the same indicators, particularly since separation in 1993. State policy and changing l…
Topics: Economy, Work, Transformation
Staré a nové ekonomické nerovnosti: případ českých zemí
Under the transformation period, economic inequality is assuming new meanings and accents, and its importance growing. We show recent changes and various facets of inequality as displayed in distributions of earning, household incomes and wealth. In earnings, instead of the system covering the costs of labour force reproduction, human capital is better rewarded, thus, the importance of ownership and job grows. In household income, the „demographic“ pattern is slowly replaced by a market model which strengt…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities, Transformation
Model predikce výsledků voleb – alternativní přístup k odhadům volebních výsledků ve volebních obvodech
To provide reliable pre-election forecasts it is necessary to estimate the election results in individual electoral districts. The article presents alternative method of making the preelection estimates which combines the results of national representative surveys and information on the spatial distribution of party support from the previous election. The model estimates are then compared with the results of trational survey-based estimates and practical model usability is documented. …
Topics: Public Administration, Elections and Electoral Research
Public Administration, Regional Policy, and the Committee of the Regions - Interaction of Regional, National and European Influences in the Pre-accession Czech Republic
The aim of the text is to study interaction of the regional, national and European influences in the pre-accession Czech Republic in thesphere of public administration and regional policy. Special attention was paid to the role of the Committee of the Regions, which represented the the EU institution most closely connected with the topic of the research. Research shows the rising importance of the regional institutions in the Czech Republic and its long-term impact. …
Topics: Politics and Political Attitudes, Regions, Public Administration
Changing earnings distribution in the Czech Republic. Survey evidence from 1988-1994
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Sociological Data, Transformation
Druhé volby do krajských zastupitelstev – kontinuita nebo změna?
This study seeks answers to three fundamental questions: Who were the members of the regional political elites elected in the first regional elections in the year 2000 has the structure of the regional political elites undergone significant change after the elections in 2004, and what are the reasons for the detected changes? For that purpose we analyzed the data from a broad empirical survey among the regional elites, along with the results of the regional elections in autumn 2004. Socio-demographic character…
Topics: Regions, Sociological Data, Public Administration
Die Wahlen in der ČSFR 1992 und der Weg in die Auflösung der Föderation
Topics: Politics and Political Attitudes, Elections and Electoral Research
Housing Affordability in Czech Regions and Demographic Behaviour – Does Housing Affordability Impact Fertility?
The article examines the relationship between housing affordability and fertility in the Czech Republic after 1989. An analysis of national data suggests that improving housing affordability might be a factor behind the rise of fertility that has been observed since the beginning of the 2000s. The regional variation in fertility is generally lower than the regional variation of indicators of both housing affordability and the economic situation. Although the number of children born increased noticeably, total …
Topics: Housing, Economy, Regions
Vybrané faktory poptávky po bydlení v pozadí vysokých cen bytů v Praze
This article deals first with the relative affordability of owner-occupied housing in Prague compared to the situation in the Czech Republic in general. The relative position of Prague in this region is then assessed in a cross-national comparison and determined to be specific. The article’s main objective is to uncover the main demand factors behind the high prices and the low affordability of owner-occupied housing in Prague. The authors focus on factors that derive from the specific economic position of P…
Topics: Housing, Economy, City and Village
Jak fungují kraje – příspěvek k hodnocení výkonu krajských vlád
The authors try to answer the question of whether the regional governments (both its elected and the administrative parts) in the Czech Republic function similarly or whether they vary in terms of performance. And if they do vary, how structured and how large are these differences. The analysis is based on indicators and on an aggregate index of regional government performance created by the authors. Based on this index, regions are distinguished with above-average, average and below-average regional governmen…
Topics: Politics and Political Attitudes, Regions, Public Administration
Tripartism in the Czech Republic
Topics: Civil Society, Social Policy, Public Policy
Trh práce: problémy a perspektivy
Changes of the labor market are observed on the base of recent surveys from various points of view: 1. the production and utilization of human capital 2. work incentives and rewards 3. private ownership and job allocation 4. work perspectives and unemployment. The transitory period will be very confused. The labor market will be segmented and the development of individual segments will be uneven. Already now, new temporary borderlines are created. The transformation of the post-communist countries is being car…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Work, Social Capital, Transformation
Escaping from Socialist Paternalism: Social Policy Reform in the Czech Republic
Topics: Social Policy
Entwicklung der Parteilandschaft in der Tschechischen Republik - Möglichkeiten der Konfliktregulierung
Topics: Politics and Political Attitudes
Utváření nové sociální regulace v Československu
Topics: Economy, Social Policy, Transformation
Economic and Political Man. Hardship and Attitudes in the Czech Republic and Central Europe
The interconnection between economic hardship and political attitudes is analyzed in four East-Central European countries. Two explanatory keys to recent left-turns – the “relative deprivation” and “entitlements” theses – are examined. Financial difficulties and paternalistic expectations are high but differ from country to country, this resulting in their various locations on the leftright spectrum. Evaluating the connections leading from perceived economic insecurity to latent participation in de…
Topics: Economy, Politics and Political Attitudes
Kraje v České republice – existují souvislosti mezi ekonomickým rozvojem, sociálním kapitálem a výkonem krajských vlád?
The article represents the results of empirical research aimed at the analysis of potential relationships between thelevel of social capital, the level of economic development and government performance in the Czech regions. The results of analysis do not support hypothesis about the positive correlations among the observed characteristics of regions. However, social capital, economic development and government per in regions are all positively korelated with the level of human capital in regions. …
Topics: Regions, Social Policy, Public Administration
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