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Strong Gender Contract, Weak Institutions: Gender Pay Gap in Slovenia and Czechia
This article investigates the dynamics of the gender pay gap (GPG) in two post-socialist economies, Czechia and Slovenia, during their capitalist transition and EU membership. Using regression analysis on large samples of linked employer–employee data to estimate the total GPG and within-job GPG and institutional analysis, we find that in both countries women earn significantly less than men for the same work. We interpret this as due to institutions, policies, and practices, including gender inequalities in…
Topics: Gender, Wages and Incomes
The Structural Misrecognition of Migrants as a Critical Cosmopolitan Moment.
Transnational migrants and their struggles have become central for rethinking cosmopolitanism from below. This chapter builds on theoretical and empirical arguments of critical cosmopolitan perspective and proposals for methodological cosmopolitanism that shifts the angle from which the social sciences look at social reality. Who is regarded as a relevant social actor to put forth cosmopolitan claims is crucial. Nevertheless, the author suggests that equally important is what struggles are taken into considera…
Distorted Emancipation and the Transnational Political Economy of Social Reproduction.
The chapter elaborates a critical analysis of the role of borders in the marketization of care and a European care border regime, which creates a structural position of the low-paid mobile European guest care worker, who are commonly migrant women from Central and Eastern EU member states. Through an investigation of recent care disputes, highlighted by the pandemic in borderscapes of the Central Europe, it analyses how the political economy of borders maintains an undervaluation of care and works to delay a c…
Transnational migration and the extractivist logic of global capitalism: the EU–Eastern Africa geopolitical space.
The chapter traces the ways in which transnational migration is an inherent part of the evolving modes of value extraction and capital accumulation. It argues that transnational migration is embedded in the political economy of global capitalism in two ways: accelerating extractivist practices coproduce the structural causes of transnational migration and then transnational migration becomes a surface of value extraction through the militarisation, securitisation, and datafication of border management. This ma…
Proč číst Dekoloniální feminismus v českém kontextu?
Text z různých úhlů kontextualizuje knihu Dekoloniální feminismus od Françoise Vergès pro české čtenářstvo. Její analýzy dekoloniálního feminismu a kritiku civilizačního feminismu doslov propojuje se střední a východní Evropou a feminismem zakotveném v tomto regionu, nerovnostmi mezi východem a západem a dalšími. Text také doplňuje historický kontext související se historií kolonialismu, resp. koloniální exepcionalismus.…
Disorganised Collective Citizens’ Interest, Social Transformations and Technopopulism
New ways of doing politics, embodied in the appeal to populism, the appeal to technocracy, or both combined, that is, ‘technopopulism’, are revealing symptoms of crisis in citizens’ representation in democratic societies in the European Union. This type of doing politics indicates ruptures in the organised citizens’ interest, which are leading to the rise of new parties and party leaders promising to solve ‘the people’s’ problem in general, that is, populism, and of unelected technocrats that off…
Beyond the second-order national elections model: Incumbency effects in regional elections in the Czech Republic
Literature provides four basic theories to explain regional election results and how they differ from national patterns: authority of regional governments, ethnic or linguistic cleavages, congruence of national and regional electoral systems, and second-order election effects. The second-order national election theory explains why regional elections exhibit lower turnout levels, why government parties lose voter support, and why opposition, minor, and new parties gain support. While second-order election theor…
Economic and Pandemic Performance Voting in the 2021 Czech National Election
The literature on how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected vote choice provides evidence of both ‘rally-’round-the-flag’ effects and the influence of perceived government pandemic performance. However, this evidence concerns short-term effects. Much less is known about how COVID-19-related economic changes and government measures in response to the pandemic have affected vote choice over a longer period. Using a post-election survey from the Czech Republic fielded in October 2021, we examine the effect of …
Alkohol a účty panství České země do husitské revoluce
Tento příspěvek se zaměřuje na vztah české a moravské šlechty k alkoholu podle finančních pramenů do počátku husitské revoluce. Větší pozornost je věnována výrobě alkoholu (zejména piva, méně vína) na šlechtických panstvích. Pro vrcholný středověk se zdá, že šlechtické panství nebylo soběstačné ve výrobě alkoholických nápojů. Situace v raném novověku, kdy efektivní zemědělství vytváří přebytky pro trh, a šlechta si vynucuje své poddané ke konzumaci piva…
Czech political candidate and donation datasets
This paper introduces a new Czech Political Candidate Dataset (CPCD), which compiles comprehensive data on all candidates who have run in any municipal, regional, national, and/or European Parliament election in the Czech Republic since 1993. For each candidate, the CPCD includes their first name, last name, age, gender, place of residence, university degree, party membership, party affiliation, ballot position, and election results for candidates and for parties. We match candidates over various elections by …
Přílohy – základní informace o výzkumech a metodologické poznámky.
Kapitola je přehledem hlavních datových zdrojů a metodologických postupů využitých v knize Volný čas, společnost, kultura: Česko – Slovensko. Popisuje datový soubor Volný čas a kultura v ČR a SR (2011/2016) vzniklý z koordinovaných sociologických výzkumů volného času v ČR a SR a uvádí strukturu volnočasových aktivit analyzovanou pomocí metody hlavních komponent odděleně v ČR 2011 a SR 2016. Dále představuje znění použitých otázek ve výzkumech TSS 1984, SSVE 1993, Voln…
Voľný čas na Slovensku – diferenciácia a reprodukcia
Prvá časť najskôr stručne dokumentuje vývoj a premeny voľnočasových aktivít na Slovensku v posledných desaťročiach na výsledkoch zo sociologických výskumov z rokov 1984, 1993 a 2016. Druhá časť sa na dátach z výskumu žiakov zameria na diferenciáciu v spôsobe trávenia voľného času detí staršieho školského veku ako ho zachytil výskum na žiakov šiestych a deviatych ročníkov základných škôl v Banskobystrickom kraji, 2023. Špecificky sa venuje otázke, akou rolu v diferenci…
Who owns the fungi: ethnography of mushroaming as a form of multispecies sociality
This dissertation thesis focuses on variations of “mushroaming” – it analyzes activities thatinvolve foraging, cultivating, and learning about mushrooms, and demonstrates their potentialfor extending theories and practices of commons (Bollier and Helfrich, 2021). The thesis drawsupon the concepts of commons that are not limited to economic governance, but enable also theanalysis of the potential of multispecies relations, affectivity, and responsibility for generatingnew approaches to the environment (Si…
Topics: Technology and society, Environment, Lifestyle
Publication Type: Other Publication
Department: National Contact Centre for Gender & Science
Housing wealth inequality, intergenerational transfers and young households in the super-homeownership system
This article focuses on the problem of housing wealth inequality as an increasingly important dimension of social inequality in post-socialist super-home-ownership countries and uses the Czech Republic as a case study. The article shows that housing wealth inequality is higher than income inequality and that it tends to grow in time, especially due to the spatially uneven appreciation of house prices. However, intergenerational housing-related within-family resource transfers have a mitigating effect on growin…
Nanoethics for the Plastocene: the value sensitive design of nanofiber materials
This paper focuses on how to respond appropriately to the problem of the (non-)biodegradability of nanofibers and how the integration of ethics could help. First, the paper describes the experience of a bioengineering research team at the Technical University of Liberec in developing a technology for producing filtration materials during the COVID-19 pandemic and the project that was implemented to provide support for ethical decision-making in the field of research and development of nanotechnologies. The pap…
Publication Type: Article with impact factor
Department: National Contact Centre for Gender & Science
Mortgage debt versus intergenerational transfers: implications for welfare attitudes in the Czech Republic
There has been a noticeable delay in the emergence of a sociology of debt, and of mortgage debt in particular. This paper seeks to fill this gap by testing whether and how the form of home financing influences welfare attitudes regarding the role of the state in housing provision and, consequently, the type of housing (welfare) policy. Specifically, we hypothesise that there are significant differences in attitudes toward the role of the state/municipalities in housing provision between homeowners who financed…
The Institute of Sociology CAS will celebrate its 60th anniversary
Topics: History of Sociology
Homeownership, mobility, and unemployment: Evidence from housing privatization.
Homeownership is believed to cause higher unemployment. This is because homeowners face higher mobility costs that limit their job search to local labor markets. Empirical tests of this prediction have yielded mixed results so far, possibly due to the endogeneity of homeownership. This paper proposes that the privatization of public housing in Central and Eastern Europe after the fall of the Iron Curtain was a substantial policy shock that generated largely exogenous assignment of homeownership to individual h…
Intergenerational financial transfers and indirect reciprocity: determinants of the reproduction of homeownership in the post-socialist Czech Republic.
Using a representative survey of the Czech population, we demonstrate that intergenerational within-family financial (wealth) transfers represent the main mechanism in the reproduction of homeownership in Czech post-socialist society. The provision of a transfer or the lack of one largely determines the housing tenure of Czech young adults. Without transfers, the children of homeowners are significantly less likely to also become homeowners. We also show that the probability of an adult child receiving a trans…
Bridging Economics and Sociology: Responses to a Critique of Pragmatic Socioeconomics.
In our Focus article we introduced pragmatic socioeconomics, a methodological and theoretical approach that we believe may create a more solid interdisciplinary bridge between sociology and mainstream economics. This paper reacts on the critical review of our approach by six academics recognised in the field. We devoted the most space to those comments that uncovered the blank spots in our approach or areas that we had poorly addressed. We better defined the position of pragmatic socioeconomic towards 'grand n…
Komparace kupních a odhadních cen bytů v ČR za rok 2019
Význam správného stanovení odhadních cen je akcentován v české i zahraniční literatuře. Provedli jsme porovnání kupních cen (cenových údajů Českého úřadu zeměměřičského a katastrálního) a odhadních cen (České spořitelny, a.s.) bytů. Párování bytů bylo provedeno primárně na základně geografické polohy (s využitím GPS souřadnic), dále podle plochy bytu, typu konstrukce a data zplatnění záznamu, resp. provedení odhadu. Výsledkem je zjištění, že u 60 % bytů b…
Why so moderate? Understanding millennials’ views on the urban housing affordability crisis in the post-socialist context of the Czech Republic.
The housing affordability crisis is one of the most pressing issues in urban centres around the globe, affecting especially young adults. Some theorists have in response begun calling for the provision of more public housing or less housing financialisation (free market). The goal of our article is to demonstrate the housing attitudes of Czech millennials towards state interventions that are designed to address the decline in housing affordability, using a quantitative attitude survey and a series of qualitati…
Topics: Housing
The Impact of Within-family Housing Assistance on the Certainty of Young People’s (Housing) Aspirations in the Czech Republic.
The article presents the results of research on the factors that determine how certain Czech millennials are about their housing and some other life aspirations. We did not primarily look at the content of life aspirations and instead, we examined how certain, confident and concrete young people are about their plans. Using qualitative interviews and an attitude survey we found that intergenerational housing-related within-family resource transfers had a significant impact on how certain young Czechs are about…
Families and the Reproduction of Homeownership in a Post-socialist Context
Post-socialist countries introduced significant reforms in their housing systems and these included property restitution, privatisation, and housing subsidy cuts. Housing privatisation served as the main catalyst for the sharp increase in the outright homeownership rate that became a characteristic feature of post-socialist countries. The retreat of the state was not offset by the development of the institutions or cultures that fully financialised housing markets require. Debt-free homeownership created a gap…
Topics: Housing, Intergenerational Relations
Percepce souvislostí pandemie covid-19 a klimatické změny v české blogosféře.
Článek je věnován reflexi souvislostí klimatické změny a krize způsobené pandemií covid-19 v prostředí českých sociálních médií, konkrétně na vybraných blogovacích platformách. Procesy, které vedou ke klimatické a pandemické krizi, jsou mezi sebou značně provázané a spočívají ve způsobu, jakým lidé ovlivňují životní prostředí v globálním měřítku, ale rovněž společenské okolnosti a důsledky obou krizí, jakož i způsoby jejich řešení, nesou společné rysy…
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