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31 Publications
Understanding precautionary savings behaviour: Insights from Czechia
The article provides a comprehensive analysis of precautionary savings across several dimensions. Using data from a survey of Czech households, it identifies the primary factors influencing whether households possess precautionary savings and save regularly, their subjective perception of the optimal level of precautionary savings, and the discrepancy between this perceived optimum and their actual savings. Findings highlight the crucial effect of household income, and the way households make ends meet that sh…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities
Low-wage employment in Central and Eastern European Member States
his research note offers a comprehensive view of low-wage employment and its determinants, comparing Central and Eastern European (CEE) and Western European (WE) EU Member States. For some workers, low wage (defined as less than two-thirds of the national median wage) is merely a transitional phase towards higher-paying jobs, while others receive low wages for longer periods. Using the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) data for 2004-2019, this study investigates the incidence and persiste…
Publication Type: Professional Book / Monograph
Department: Economic and Religious Studies
Czech Social Attitudes in the European Context
Czech Social Attitudes in the European Context: In the Heart of Europe reflects the political, welfare, and general social attitudes in the Czech Republic, which has 30 years of existence, in European comparison. In nine chapters, the team of contributors address understanding and evaluations of democracy, discriminated group identity, satisfaction with democracy, distributive justice beliefs, support for income redistribution, pay fairness, equity norms, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, subjective we…
Topics: European Union, Trust/Social Cohesion, Interpersonal Relations, Politics and Political Attitudes, Social Inequalities, Public Opinion
Hospodaření a finanční spokojenost českých domácností
Finanční hospodaření domácností je komplexní proces, ve kterém hrají roli různorodé faktory ovlivňující finanční zdraví domácnosti. Těmito faktory jsou v první řadě výše příjmu a výdajů domácností včetně způsobu zajištění bydlení, velikost a struktura domácností, vzdělání či finanční gramotnost. Důležitým aspektem hospodaření je vyrovnanost rozpočtu, která vychází z rozdělení finančních zdrojů mezi pravidelné výdaje pokrývající základní potřeby…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes
Pojištění v českých domácnostech
Pojištění zvyšuje blahobyt domácností tím, že přenáší nejistotu z jednotlivců, kteří se vyhýbají riziku, na instituce, které jsou vůči riziku neutrální. Hlavním motivem pro nákup pojištění je tedy averze k riziku s cílem vyhnout se ztrátě. Pojištění může zlepšovat finanční odolnost a celkovou finanční stabilitu domácností s obzvláště velkým významem pro domácnosti s nižšími příjmy.Poptávka domácností po pojištění závisí na mnoha faktorech, zahrnuj…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes
Low Pay and Political Attitudes in Europe: Is There an East-West Divide?
Employing 2018 European Social Survey data in a multilevel framework, the paper aims to estimate the effect of working for low pay on a wide range of political attitudes and to explain the attitudinal differences between the Central and Eastern European (CEE) and Western European regions based on their differing socioeconomic and political background. The results suggest that it is mainly the lower living standard of inhabitants together with widespread wage inequality and not the specific legacy of the commun…
Topics: Economy, Value Orientations, Wages and Incomes, Politics and Political Attitudes
Workers’ Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Central and Eastern Europe
This article analyses the determinants of worker satisfaction in Central and Eastern European countries, focusing on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the latest European Social Survey data were utilised in a multilevel framework, covering 5681 workers from eight countries. The results suggest that both the general stringency of policies aimed at containing the spread of the COVID-19 contagion and the resulting disruptions to individuals’ working lives significantly affected the well-be…
Topics: Economy, Work
Půjčky, úvěry a zadluženost v českých domácnostech
V čem můžou být půjčky a úvěry prospěšné a jaká jsou jejich rizika?Využívání půjček a úvěrů je jedním z pilířů finanční odolnosti a stability domácností. Půjčky a úvěry domácností jsou běžné ve všech vyspělých zemích, přičemž nutně nemusí mít k negativní důsledky. Moderní společnost je zvyklá žít alespoň částečně na úvěr a půjčky jsou rozšířené ve všech skupinách napříč obyvatelstvem. Zadlužení má však ve vztahu k finanční odolno…
Topics: Debts, Economy, Wages and Incomes
Finanční náročnost bydlení v českých domácnostech
Náklady na bydlení obecně představují nejvýznamnější položku spotřebních výdajů domácností. Zatímco průměrná evropská domácnost za bydlení včetně energií a dalších plateb utratila v roce 2021 25 % svého rozpočtu, v Česku to bylo dokonce 28 %.Náklady na bydlení se do velké míry odvíjejí od toho, zda domácnost žije ve vlastním bytě či domě, zda má hypotéku či půjčku, nebo zda bydlí v nájmu. V Česku žilo v roce 2021 78 % lidí v domácnostech, které vlastni…
Topics: Housing, Economy, Wages and Incomes
Dlouhodobá finanční rezerva v českých domácnostech
Dlouhodobé úspory pomáhají udržovat stabilní standard a blahobyt lidí v různých fázích života či dokonce podporovat růst životní úrovně v čase, a to i po výpadku příjmů, který lze očekávat např. v důchodu. Hlavními důvody dlouhodobého spoření bývá právě zajištění na důchod, investice do nemovitosti či do vyššího vzdělání, ať už pro sebe, nebo pro své děti. Cílem této studie je identifikovat hlavní faktory, které mohou působit na vytváření dlouhodobýc…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes
Krátkodobá finanční rezerva a finanční odolnost Čechů
Cílem této studie je identifikovat hlavní faktory, které mohou působit na odolnost českých domácností vůči finančním šokům skrze vliv na vytváření úspor – krátkodobé finanční rezervy.…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Standard of Living
Nízké mzdy v Česku: Ekonomické a sociální souvislosti
Cílem studie je vyplnit tuto mezeru v současném vědeckém poznání oblasti nízkých mezd v Česku a poskytnout detailní a systematický pohled na tuto problematiku nízkých. Studie zapadá do širšího výzkumu nerovnosti a přispívá specifickým pohledem na jednu z jejích stránek v konkrétním prostředí Česka. Studie nejprve z makroekonomického pohledu mapuje nízkou celkovou mzdovou hladinu v Česku v širších ekonomických souvislostech. Vedle historického vývoje od počátku ekonomick…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Work
Low-Wage Employment in Czechia: A Persistent Burden
Working for low pay may have substantial negative consequences at both the individual and societal level. This article adds to scarce research on low pay in Czechia, employing pooled longitudinal EU-SILC data for 2004 – 2017. It analyses patterns of low-wage employment and estimates the degree of low-pay persistence in terms of genuine state dependence in low-wage employment, accounting for both observed and unobserved heterogeneity among workers and endogeneity in the initial conditions. The results indicat…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Work
Subjective equivalence scales in Eastern versus Western European countries
We show that economies of scale estimated individually for each EU country differ from the officially adopted OECD‐modified scale the differences across the countries further confirm the prevailing East‐West disparity. Using the minimum income question in the 2019 EU‐Statistics on Income and Living Conditions survey, we demonstrate that applying the estimated country-specific subjective equivalence scales, instead of the uniform OECD-modified scale, results in up to a 6 pp change in the at‐risk‐of‐…
Topics: European Union, Wages and Incomes, Standard of Living
Do low minimum wages disserve workers? A case study of the Czech and Slovak Republics
This article analyses the effects of minimum wage on employment in the Czech and Slovak Republics based on 2005–17 EU-SILC data. Our results contribute to the scant literature on minimum wage effects in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region. While prior empirical findings concurred with the effects of minimum wage on labour market outcomes in CEE countries when the minimum wage is relatively high, there is ambiguity when the minimum wage is relatively low. In Slovakia we find that regular minimum wag…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Work
Intra-household distribution of resources and income poverty and inequality in Visegrad countries
Purpose – The authors aim to demonstrate the impact of allowing for unequal intra-household distribution of resources on income poverty and income inequality.Design/methodology/approach – The paper applies a collective consumption model to study the intrahousehold distribution of resources in Visegrad countries (V4). It utilises subjective financial satisfaction as a proxy for indirect utility from individual consumption to estimate the indifference scales within couples instead of the traditional equival…
Topics: Economy, Wages and Incomes, Social Inequalities
Hidden religious aspects of job satisfaction and work attitudes: The differences between Eastern and Western Europe
This paper examines the links between religion and job satisfaction. Its concern is to compare Eastern and Western Europe. We use the 2015 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) data covering both non-religious individuals and individuals affiliated to a religious denomination. While the Western European countries generally report significantly higher levels of job satisfaction compared to their Eastern counterparts, we test the hypothesis that religion also shows differentiated effects on job satisfacti…
Topics: Economy, European Union, Religion and religiosity, Work
Part-Time Employment in Central and Eastern Europe: A Cross-Country Analysis
This chapter explores part-time employment in Central and Eastern European countries (CEE) as compared to Western Europe. The aim is to examine the relationship between part-time work and labour utilisation in CEE, and to evaluate whether a potential expansion of part-time employment may facilitate growth in labour utilisation. The analyses on panel data identify the main determinants of part-time employment and the key factors that limit it in CEE. The results indicate that part-time employment of prime-aged …
Topics: Economy, Work
Publication Type: Chapter in a Book / Monograph
Department: Economic and Religious Studies
Minimum wage and youth employment in regions of the Visegrád countries
This paper estimates the youth employment effects of minimum wages in the Visegrád countries: Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. The analyses are based on a regional panel dataset for the period 2003–16. Our results indicate that changes in minimum wages measured as a ratio of regional average wages have not negatively affected youth employment rates in the Visegrád countries at the national level. Detailed analyses indicate that changes in the ratio of minimum to average wages may have dampened regio…
Topics: Wages and Incomes, Work
Subjective equivalence scales and income poverty in Eastern vs Western European countries
This study uses the intersection approach to estimate Subjective Poverty Lines and implicit subjective equivalence scales for European countries. The subjective poverty lines are derived from the Minimum Income Question included in the 2017 EU–Statistics on Income and Living Conditions data. Subjective equivalence scales differ across the European region, showing lower economies of scale for Eastern European countries. When the estimated subjective equivalence scales are applied to derive the official at-ris…
Topics: Standard of Living
Regional Patterns of Social Differentiation in Visegrád Countries
This paper focuses on a neglected—horizontal—dimension of social stratification. It examines the patterns of social differentiation in the Visegrad countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia) and attempts to assess changes in the social structure at the subnational level. Social structure changes are explained within the context of broader socio-economic development. The main analyses performed in this study are based on EU-SILC micro-data covering 2006–2016 and offer a comprehensive pe…
Topics: City and Village, Wages and Incomes, Work, Regions, Social Inequalities, Education
Nevěřící, apatheisté nebo skrytí věřící? Charakteristika osob, které se v rámci sčítání lidu nepřihlásily k žádné denominaci
For many years, the legal protection of personal data prohibited the analysis of individual census data in the Czech Republic thus, this is the first article to provide a detailed analysis of data on religion. Employing individual data for the whole population, the authors confirm several trends in the recent religious development of the country, including general out-churching, the expansion of certain smaller denominations, and, especially, an increase in the number of people declaring themselves religious, …
Topics: Religion and religiosity, Sociological Data
Part-time Employment and Business Cycle in Central and Eastern Europe
This article explores the development of part-time employment in Central and Eastern Europe and compares it to Western Europe. On the macro level it examines the role of the business cycle and its effect on part-time employment in the two groups of countries since 2001. The key result reveals that contrary to the West, the business cycle development exerts a significant negative effect on the part-time employment rate in Eastern Europe. When the economy operates below its potential, part-time employment tends …
Topics: Economy
Why don’t Eastern Europeans Work Part-time?
This article explores the development of part-time employment in Central and Eastern Europe compared to Western Europe. The analysis of panel data reveals the role of part-time work determinants on the macro level and their different effects on part-time employment in the two groups of countries. The large set of determinants includes business cycle, labour market institutions and structural factors. The results indicate that part-time employment in the East and the West is influenced by different, mostly stru…
Topics: Economy
Práce, hodnoty, blahobyt. České reálie v evropském kontextu
Kamila Fialová, Dana Hamplová, Martina Mysíková, Zdeněk R. Nešpor, Jiří Večerník (editor). Work, Values, Well-being. Czech Reality in a European Context. Prague, Institute of Sociology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 2016, 416 p.The book describes the fields of work and family in the Czech Republic in comparison with European countries using statistical and sociological surveys. The first part is devoted to the labour market and education. The second part aims at objective and subjective well-being, thei…
Topics: Economy, Work, Education, Standard of Living
Publication Type: Professional Book / Monograph
Department: Economic and Religious Studies
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